Physical and Language | Emotional | Social |
Birth to 3 month: Feedings: 5-8 per day Sleep: 20 hrs per day Sensory Capacities: makes basic distinctions in vision, hearing, smelling, tasting, touch, temperature, and perception of painMotor Ability: control of eye muscles, lifts head when on stomach. | Generalized TensionDelight Distress Smiles at a Face | Helpless Asocial Fed by motherVisually fixates at a face, smiles at a face, may be soothed by rocking. |
4 to 6 months Sensory Capacities: localizes sounds Sounds: babbling makes most vowels and about half of the consonants Feedings: 3-5 per day Motor Ability: control of head and arm movements, purposive grasping, rolls over. | Enjoys being cuddled | Recognizes his mother. Distinguishes between familiar persons and trangers, no longer smiles indiscriminately. Expects feeding, dressing, and bathing. |
7 to 9 months Motor Ability: control of trunk and hands, sits without support, crawls about. | Specific emotional attachment to mother, protests separation. | Enjoys “peek-a-boo” |
10 to 12 months Motor Ability: control of legs and feet, stands, apposition of thumb and fore-finger. Language: says one or two words, imitates sounds, and responds to simple commands. Feedings: 3 meals, 2 snacks Sleep: 12 hours, 2 naps | Anger Affection Fear of strangers Curiosity, exploration | Responsive to own name. Wave bye-bye. Plays pat-a-cake, understands “no-no!” Gives and takes objects. |
1 to 1 ½ years Motor Ability: creeps up stairs, walks (10-20 min), and makes lines on paper with crayon. | Dependent Behavior Very upset if separated from mom Fear of Bath | Obeys limited commands. Repeats a few words. Interested in his mirror image. Feeds himself. |
1 ½ to 2 years Motor Ability: runs, kicks a ball, and builds 6 cube tower (2yrs) Language: vocabulary of more than 200 words Sleep: 12 hours at night, 1-2 hr nap | Temper tantrums (1-3yrs) Resentment of new baby | Does opposite of what he is told (18 months). |
2 to 3 years Motor Ability: jumps off a step, rides a tricycle, uses crayons, builds a 9-10 cube tower. Language: starts to use short sentences controls and explores world with language, stuttering may appear briefly. | Fear of separation Negativistic (2 ½ yrs) Violent emotions, anger Differentiates facial expressions of anger, sorrow, and joy. Sense of humor (Plays tricks) | Talks, uses “I” “me” “you” Copies parents’ actions. Dependent, possessive about toys, enjoys playing alongside another child. Resists parental demands. Gives orders. Rigid insistence on sameness of routine. Inability to make decisions. |
3 to 4 years Motor Ability: Stands on one leg, jumps up and down, draws a circle and a cross (4 yrs) Self-sufficient in many routines of home life. | Affectionate toward parents. Pleasure in genital manipulation Romantic attachment to parent of opposite sex (3 to 5 yrs) Jealousy of same-sex parent. Imaginary fears of dark, injury, etc. (3 to 5 years) | Likes to share, uses “we” Cooperative play with other children, nursery school. Imitates parents. Beginning of identification with same-sex parent, Intense curiosity & interest in other children’s bodies. Imaginary friend. |
4 to 5 years Motor ability: mature motor control, skips, broad jumps, dresses himself, copies a square and a triangle. Language: talks clearly, uses adult speech sounds, has mastered basic grammar, relates a story, knows over 2,000 words (5 yrs) | Responsibility and guilt Feels pride in accomplishment | Prefers to play with other children, becomes competitive prefers sex- appropriate activities. |